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Company description which, among other items of information, includes (1) firm's history, (2) number and quality of its human, financial, and physical resources (3) organizational and management structure, (4) past, current and anticipated performance, and (5) its reputation, and the standing of its goods or services.

Business transactions involving vast amounts of money, such as, mergers and acquisitions.

Evaluation of the timely repayment ability of a firm, or debt security (such as a bond). Credit rating is built up on the basis of the (1) credit history, (2) present financial position, and the (3) likely future income.

Net worth of a company computed by subtracting total liabilities from the total assets.

Any one of a number of forms the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) requires every publicly traded company to submit, disclosing its financial condition and material changes in the operation of the organization.

A written report which quantitatively describes the financial health of a company. This includes an income statement and a balance sheet, and often also includes a cash flow statement. Financial statements are usually compiled on a quarterly and annual basis.

Individual or entity who owns a business entity in an attempt to profit from the successful operations of the company. Generally has decision making abilities and first right to profit.

In the context of financial markets, peer group comparisons usually refers to companies that operate in the same industry sector and are of similar size.

A subsection of a company's overall operations that is more commonly seen within larger, diversified companies. The costs and income of each business segment are accounted for independently, and to be considered a business segment, a subsection must create income for its company.